Решение: Контрольная по английскому. Вариант 4
Вариант 4
Упражнение № 1. Перепишите предложения; определите залог и временные формы глаголов. Укажите их инфинитивы. Переведите предложения.
1.The PC hardware has been upgraded.
2. The experiments on the new microcomputer were carried out during the whole month.
3. After the computer had received the data it began to process the information. The development of MS-DOS was followed by Microsoft Windows.
Упражнение № 2. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните в них причастия и определите их функцию. Переведите предложения.
1.The operator pressing the keys makes the calculator operate.
2. Discussing the advantages of the new memory unit the professor gave the students all the necessary explanations.
3. The time required to transmit one computer word out of the memory to where it will be used is called the memory access time.
Упражнение № 3. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните в них герундий и определите его функцию. Переведите предложения.
1.After compiling the instruction the Program Counter selects a new one.
2. He is responsible for writing the computer program.
3. Selecting one type over the other is almost a choice between the cost of the machine and computational speed.
Упражнение № 4. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните инфинитив и укажите его функцию. Переведите предложения.
1. To make possible communication from a human being and a computer is the main purpose of the input unit.
2. Information has to be in the form of digits or characters for a digital computer.
3. The input to be described here is a new device.
Упражнение № 5. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.
SOME MORE FACTS ABOUT COMPUTERS
1.The history of computing covers less than two hundred years. The early years from 1830-1950 were considered its infancy. Charles Babbage invented the difference and the analytical engine. The difference engine was used in finding errors in handwritten tables. The analytical engine was designed for mathematical computations. This machine had five features found in today’ computer hardware: there must be input, processing, output, controlling and storage devices.
2.The vacuum tube was used as primary computer component during the first generation of computers. Punched cards and magnetic tape were used for secondary storage. The second generation computers were significantly improved with the transistor. The integrated circuit replaced the transistors in the third generation computers. The fourth generation introduced the microprocessor on a chip. The semiconductor chip is made of a crystalline substance conducting electricity. When introduced the chip greatly influenced the computer technology. The fifth generation has arrived recently. New areas are developing in this generation, including artificial intelligence, expert systems and natural languages.
3.A wide variety of computers are used today, but they can be broadly classified as special and general-purpose computers. You should know the difference. Special-purpose computers are able to accept only certain types of input and present a narrow range of outputs. The most common kind of general-purpose computer in use today is the personal computer or microcomputer. It gets the name microcomputer from the tiny electronic device, called the microprocessor, that does the actual processing.
Упражнение № 6. Выпишите из 1-го абзаца текста герундий и укажите его функции.
Упражнение № 7. Выпишите из 2-го абзаца текста причастия и укажите их функции.
Упражнение № 8. Прочитайте 3-й абзац текста и ответьте на вопрос:
Does the personal computer belong to special-purpose or general-purpose computers?
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